Improvement in telegraph-repeaters



2 Sheets--Sheet I.

L. T. LINDSEY.

Telegraph Repeaters.

'NO. 136,251.- Patented Feb.25,1873.

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UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

LANDY T. LINDSEY, OF JACKSON, TENNESSEE.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPH-REBEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.136,251. dated February25, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LANDY TUNSTALL LIND- sEY, of Jackson, in the countyof Madison and in the State of Tennessee, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Automatic Telegraph-Repeaters; and do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon making a part of thisspecification.

In the drawing, Figure l is a general view and plan. Fig. 2 representsthe arrangement of the repeaters for being worked by alternately openedand closed local circuits. Fig. 3 represents the arrangement of therepeaters for being worked by perpetually-closed local circuits.

The reference letters and figures represent the same parts in thedifferent figures, and their application will appear as thespecification proceeds.

The object of my invention is to provide an automatically acting orchanging telegraphic repeater, simple, reliable, and void of many of themechanical auxiliaries heretofore used in other improvements for thesame purpose.

In Fig. 1, MM represent relaymagnets D D, their respectivearmature-levers; d d (1 d, the supports for the adjusting-screws i t" t23, respectively. P is an adjusting-post, which controls the springs pp, which are attached to the armature-levers D D. I) b c c arebinding-posts for receiving the wires of the two main-line circuits,whence they lead through the instruments and keys to the ground. L-

L are sounder and repeatinglevers, controlled by the magnets H H. A Aare armatures thereon, and m m and n n the posts upon which theyrespectively vibrate. K K are ordinary transmitting-keys; S S, switchesfor increasing or diminishing the resistance furnished by theresistance-coils R R, which may be done by moving the bars on thebuttons 8 s s s. a a a a are bindingposts for the batterywires of thelocal circuits, which include magnets H H. m n are posts, and 0 0springs operating thereon, for the continuation of the circuits throughthe magnets H H contacts made at D t D t are broken, as will behereinbelow described. m n are posts, and o 0 springs operating thereonfor opening and closing the circuit of the main line in the ordinaryway. .1

In the drawing, Figs. 2 and'3, I have disposed the various parts abovementioned in a manner to show more comprehensively the course andoperation of the circuits, avoiding those parts not essential to theexplanation of the working part of the instrument.

In Fig. 2 the eastern and western main-line circuits are represented bydotted lines, and pass, respectively, to the springs 0 0 of the oppositesounder-lever,'and 'v'ia posts m a, respectively, thence to the ground.

Likewise, the ordinary local connections for the sounder-magnets, vizFor magnet H 'vz'c wires 1 2 3, battery B, wire 4, armature-lever D, andadj usting-screw t". For magnet H eta wires 5 6 7, battery B, wire 8,armature-lever D, adjusting-screw t are as ordinarily arranged in othermethods.

In Fig. 3 the terminal wires 3 19 and 7 20 of magnets H H, respectively,proceed directly to the poles of each battery, and do not pass throughthe usual points of contact D t D 2" controlled by the relay-magnets MM, respectively.

My invention consists in providing means whereby the circuit of eithermagnet H or H 'will be retained complete through such ma net, thuskeeping its lever and the main-line circuit there establishedcontinually closed while the other repeating-lever is in operation, andvice versa; and in such. additional connections as are requisite for theformation, when so required, of extra shunt-circuits for annulling thepower of either magnet by furnishing a shorter route, and one thatoffers less resistance for the returnof the circuit to the oppositepoles of the battery from whence itstarted. This I accomplish in twoways, i!- lustrated by Figs. 2 and 3: In Fig.2, by running extra wires13 16 from the levers D D to springs o 0, respectively, and extra wires14 15 from post m to magnet H, and wires 17 18 from post 41 to magnet H.WVhen, therefore, the levers L and L descend, with springs o 0 tocontact with posts m n, arepetition is made of the connection formed bythe re- 'lay-magnet points. D t and D i, respectively, which maintainsthe circuits unbroken through magnets H H after levers D D have fallenback from the points above mentioned.

Having thus shown how the levers L L can be made to act as the immediateagents for preserving the circuits which hold them to the poles of theirrespective magnets, it is necessary to show how this reciprocatinginfluence is to be destroyed when it is desired the lever should liftand sever its contact. This I accomplish by the formation ofshunt-circuits, one for each of the magnets H H, which are much shorter,and constructed of much larger wire, or of bars of metal as large as theimmediate demand may require, and which, consequently, offer so muchless resistance to the passage of the current that, whenever thesecircuits are completed, the electric current is readily conducted bythem, and the magnets in the circuits thus shunted so weakened as toadmit of the levers thereof being readily thrown up by the nowpreponderating influence of its spring h or h. These shunt-circuits areformed when the levers D D are drawn back against adjustingscrews 41 i,and may be thus traced: For magnet H, starting from adjusting-screw 2',via wire 11, lever L, post in, wire 12, battery B, wire 8, to lever D,which forms contact with adj listing-screw 13. For magnet H, startingfrom adjusting-screw i, we wire 9, lever L, post it, wire 10, battery B,wire 4, to lever D, which forms contact with adjusting-screw '13. Eachof these shunt-circuits, thus completed, includes within it eitherbattery B or 13, thus cutting off the passage of the current throughmagnet H or H just in proportion as it affords a return route to thebattery shorter or of less resistance. It therefore follows that theshunt-circuits, formed as hereinbefore described, may be composed ofmetallic wires or bars of such increased conducting capacity as may befound necessary to insure the greater part of the current being conveyedby that route, and the magnet of the opposing circuit be thereby soweakened as to lose its control of the lever heretofore under itsinfluence.

In the ordinary operation of these repeaters one lever will remainperfectly still, held down by the reformation of the circuit through themagnet which controls it, as hereinbefore described, while the other isworking, and vice versa.

The shunt-circuits must always be formed of sufficiently largeconducting mediums to offer greatly less resistance to the passage ofthe currents than the circuits which include magnets H B. When, however,large metallic wire or bars cannot be had, the necessary proportionbetween the shunt-circuit and the one to which it is opposed may beobtained by inserting resistance'coils, which will have the effect tolengthen the circuit reformed by the operation of the levers L L, whenthey bring springs 0 0 in contact with posts m n, respectively. This isillusto a shunted circuit when formed of any-sized wire.

In order that any liability of both repeat:- ing-levers having thecircuits of their main lines, respectively, broken at the same time maybe avoided, a metallic connection, repre sented by wire 2], Fig.2, isextended from mag net H to post n, which has the effect to complete thecircuit of this magnet in such a con tingency, and thus restore anydisorder this state of afiairs might produce.

In Fig. 3 the terminal wires 3 19 7 20 of the magnets H H run directlyto the poles of their respective batteries, forming a perpetually-closedcircuit.

The lever of either magnet may be brought into use by the operation ofthe shunt-circuits which remain unchanged, the lever of the other magnetremaining still meanwhile. The operation and effect of theshunt-circuits remain the same in either event, whether employed as inFig. 2 or in Fig. 3.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to'secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination of the lever L of a sounder-magnet, H, spring 0, postm, and electrical connecting-wires, for the purpose of keeping thecircuit of the soundermagnet closed through it beyond the time allowedby the contact of the armature-lever of the relaymagnet with itsadjusting-screw, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The combination of the adjusting-screw i, lever D of the relay-magnetM, lever L of the sounder-magnet H, post at, and electricalconnecting-wires, for the purpose of forming a shunt-circuit to weakenthe current in the sounder-magnet H, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination of the lever L of the sounder-magnet H, post a,sounder-magnet July, 1872.

L. T. LINDSEY. Witnesses:

I. B. TREE, JAS. K. STEPHENS.

